What to wear hiking in cold weather

What does it mean to dress in layers when hiking in winter?

Dressing in layers is the key to staying comfortable when hiking in winter. The idea is simple: wear clothing in three distinct layers — base, mid, and outer — that you can adjust to maintain the perfect balance of warmth and breathability.

Why is this important? Winter conditions can change quickly, and your activity level can fluctuate from intense climbing to slower descents. Layers let you adapt without overheating or freezing.

How do you layer clothing for cold-weather hiking?

To layer effectively, focus on these three components:

1. Base layer: Wicks away sweat to keep your skin dry.
2. Mid-layer: Provides insulation to trap body heat.
3. Outer layer: Protects against wind, snow, and rain.

Each layer plays a unique role, so don’t skip any of them if you are hiking during winter.

My Favourite Mid-layer

I never go hiking without my down jacket, which has never let me down (pun intended 😉 ). My North Face down jacket is breathable and very warm. I choose a fleece sweater when the weather is milder, but I always carry my jacket in my pack, especially if climbing a mountain. The summit is usually much colder, and having my down jacket is often a lifesaver. 

What is the best top layer for cold-weather hiking?

The outer layer (or shell) shields you from the elements. It should block wind and water while allowing sweat to escape.

For winter hiking, you’ll want:

• Hardshell jackets are best for windy and wet conditions.
• Softshell jackets offer more breathability and flexibility and are ideal for dry climates.

A good outer layer will have adjustable vents, a hood, and enough space to fit over your other layers.

My Favourite Outer Layer

The shell is just as important as the other layers. I have an amazingly waterproof and windproof Arcteryx shell that is breathable and light. Any major outdoor company with clothing apparel will carry a good shell jacket. Make sure it is waterproof when choosing your shell jacket.

What is the best fabric for hiking in winter?

Here’s the rundown on fabrics:

• Wool is warm, breathable, and odour-resistant, perfect when sweating on the trails.
• Synthetics is quick-drying and lightweight, making it an excellent option.
• Down is an excellent insulator, but only in dry conditions. If you choose down, ensure you have a good shell to keep it dry in rainy or snowy conditions.
• Avoid cotton: It’s a no-go for winter hiking because it traps moisture. And when you are wet, you get cold. This could be disastrous in particularly cold conditions or long winter hikes.

What jacket to wear for winter hiking?

Your jacket should match the intensity of your hike and the weather conditions. Look for these features:

• Insulation (down or synthetic)
• Waterproof or water-resistant shell
• Adjustable hood and cuffs
• Breathable materials

A 3-in-1 jacket with a zip-out insulated layer is a versatile option for varying conditions. A ski jacket will likely be too warm as you are physically active and will sweat on the trail.

Adding layers is the best option. Your winter jacket for hiking should consist of a fleece or down layer and a shell, as you can remove one or the other if needed. 

What are the best boots to wear for hiking in winter?

Winter hiking boots must keep your feet warm, dry, and supported.

Look for:

• Waterproofing: Gore-Tex or similar membranes.
• Insulation: Boots rated for sub-zero temperatures.
• Traction: Outsoles with deep lugs or compatibility with microspikes and snowshoes.

Wear moisture-wicking socks (like merino wool) to prevent sweaty, cold feet. My favourites are the darn tough socks. Always bring an extra pair. If wet, your feet will freeze fast, but you can change into a dry pair of socks if needed. 

What kind of hat and gloves are best for hiking in cold weather?

Heat escapes quickly from your head and hands, so keep them covered.

Hats

• Wool or synthetic beanies: Warm and moisture-wicking.
• Balaclavas or neck gaiters: Protect your face and neck from windburn.

Again, my preference for a neck gaiter is Merino wool. It keeps my neck warm and wicks moisture away. I much prefer a beanie as a hat than a toque. It is lighter but still protects my head from the cold. 

Gloves

• Liner gloves: Thin and breathable for dexterity.
• Insulated gloves or mittens: Add warmth. Mittens are better for extremely cold conditions.

I wear my thin gloves when hiking but always have mittens in my pack. Although my hands are usually warm enough with gloves when hiking up a trail, the mittens come in handy at the top of a mountain or when it is frigid and windy. 

What other winter hiking gear should be considered?

In addition to clothing, consider these items to stay safe and comfortable:

• Gaiters: Keep snow out of your boots.
• Microspikes or crampons: For icy trails.
• Hand and foot warmers: Great for extra warmth during long stops.
• Sunglasses or goggles: Protect your eyes from snow glare.
• Fleece-Lined Pants: I absolutely love my Eddie Bauer First Ascent fleece-lined pants for hiking, snowshoeing and skiing. L.L. Bean also has some great fleece-lined leggings.